Impamvu Gelatine ari ingenzi mu nganda za Marshmallow zigezweho
Ifuru izwi ku rwego mpuzamahanga nka marshmallow yakuye izina ryayo ku gihingwa cy’umusenyi (marsh mallow).Althaea officinalis), ikimera gifite indabyo z'umutuku utukura gikomoka mu bishanga n'ibishanga. Mbere na mbere, ikintu gifata cyavanywe mu mizi y'iki kimera cyakoreshejwe mu gukora ikintu cyoroshye, cyera gisa n'ipamba, bigatuma izina ryacyo rimenyekana. Mu ntangiriro z'ikinyejana cya 20, icyavuye mu muzi w'iki gishanga cyasimbuwe n'umweru w'igi na gelatin. Marshmallows zo muri iki gihe zavuye mu bwoko bumwe zijya mu bwoko bugoye cyane, nka marshmallows zuzuye kandi zipfutse shokora.
1. Ibiranga ibicuruzwa
Marshmallow ni bombo yoroshye kandi ihumeka cyane, irangwa n'ibara ryayo ry'umweru ryiza, imiterere yayo ifite imyenge, n'uduheri tw'umwuka twinshi kandi tudahindagurika. Nubwo ari yoroshye cyane kandi ifite ubushuhe bwinshi, irarwanya kwangirika kandi imara igihe kirekire. Ibintu by'ingenzi bigize marshmallow birimo imiterere yoroshye, yoroshye kandi irakomera idafata ku menyo. Ubushobozi bwo kwihanganira no guhindagurika kwayo bituruka ku miterere mito y'udusimba igumana ubushuhe, ikarinda syneresis - kurira kwa sirupe iva muri bombo - bityo bigatuma marshmallow igumana ubuziranenge buhoraho kandi buhamye.
Mu gihe cyo gukubita no guhumeka, havuka uduce duto tw’umwuka dukwirakwira ku buryo bungana, kandi urukuta rwa firime rukikije utu duce rurakomera. Iyo umwuka ugeze ku bucucike bwifuzwa, marshmallow igera ku miterere yayo yihariye: nziza kandi ifite imyenge hamwe n’uduce duto, ariko ikaba yoroheje kandi irashya. Gushyiramo umwuka mwinshi byongera cyane ubwinshi bwawo kandi bikagabanya ubucucike bwawo, bushobora kuba munsi ya 0.6 g/mL. Ubu buryo bworoheje buyitandukanya n’izindi bombo nyinshi, bigatuma iba umusemburo wihariye.
Marshmallow ni uburyo bwo gukwirakwiza ibintu mu byiciro bibiri, aho sirupe ikora nk'icyiciro gihoraho naho umwuka ukagenda nk'aho ukwirakwira. Imiterere n'imiterere y'isukari muri sirupe bigira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye ku miterere ya sirupe. Marshmallow ishobora kugira ubwoko bubiri bw'imiterere: idasa n'iy'ubutare cyangwa iy'ubutare. Mu bwoko butari ubw'ubutare, isukari iri muri sirupe iguma ishonga neza, bigatuma ihinduka iy'ubutare. Ku rundi ruhande, mu bwoko bwa kristu, isukari imwe yemererwa guhinduka kristu nziza, bigatuma ihinduka imboga ngufi kandi zitose. Iyo marshmallow yumye, ishobora guhinduka iy'ubutare bukomeye, ishaje kandi yoroheje ifite irangi ryiza kandi ifite ubutare buke (munsi ya 3%). Ariko, marshmallow zikunze kugaragara cyane ni ubwoko bworoshye, bufite ubutare buri hagati ya 15-18%. Kubwibyo, marshmallow ni ubwoko bw'ibirungo bishobora kuba byoroshye cyane, bifite ubutare bwinshi, byoroshye, biramba, birya, cyangwa birya. Ubwoko bworoshye kandi buramba ni bwo bukunze kugaragara ku isoko muri iki gihe.
2. Ibikoresho by'ibanze n'iby'inyongera
(A) Ibikoresho bitanga umwuka
Bizwi kandi nk'ibikoresho byo gukubita cyangwa gufuro, ibikoresho byo guhumeka ni ingenzi cyane muri marshmallows. Ibintu bikunze guhumeka ni hydrocolloids, bikora agahu gatwikira umwuka gakikije uduheri two mu mwuka kugira ngo ifuro rihore rihagaze neza. Inyinshi muri izi colloids ni macromolecules, nka poroteyine cyangwa polysaccharides, zifite ubushobozi bwo gushimangira ifuro; zimwe na zimwe zifite ubushobozi bwo gushushanya. Bitewe n'umusaruro wifuza, uruganda rukora gelatin ruzwi rutanga amahitamo atandukanye. Ibintu bikunze guhumeka birimo:
- Poroteyine: Albumen y'igi, poroteyine ya soya ya hydrolyzed, cyangwa poroteyine ya whey bikoreshwa ku kigero cya 1-1.5% kugira ngo bikore imiterere yoroshye kandi ipfutse.
- Gelatine: Gelatin hydrocolloid ikunze gukoreshwa cyane, ikomoka kuri kolajeni y'inyamaswa, ikoreshwa kuri 2-5% kugira ngo ikore imiterere yihariye. Ubusanzwe,gelatin yo mu rwego rw'ibiribwabirakenewe kugira ngo hakorwe umusaruro.
- Ishinya: Cyane cyane gum arabic, ikoreshwa ku rugero rwo hejuru rwa 20-30%, bigatuma ikomera kandi igahekenya.
- Ifuru yahinduwe: Ikoreshwa hafi 11% kugira ngo ikore imiterere ikomeye kandi ihekenya.
- Agari: Ikoreshwa kuri 1-2% kugira ngo ibe yoroheje kandi yoroshye.
- Alginate: Ikoreshwa kuri 0.5-1% kugira ngo ikore imiterere ikomeye.
Muri izi mvange, gelatin na egg albumen ni byo bikunze gukoreshwa, akenshi bivanze, hamwe n'ingano igenwa n'ibisabwa mu ikorwa ry'ibicuruzwa ndetse n'imiterere y'ibicuruzwa bya nyuma. Ikiguzi cy'ibicuruzwa nacyo ni ingenzi mu guhitamo igikoresho gitanga umwuka. Ibintu byose bitanga umwuka bigomba kongera kunyurwa n'amazi akwiye igihe gihagije kugira ngo bibone amazi ahagije, ari nabyo ingenzi kugira ngo umwuka urusheho kunyurwa.
Mu gihe ukoresha umweru w'igi, alubumu yumye ikoreshwa mu gutera umuti ni ibisanzwe. Umuti wayo winjira vuba mu ifuro ryoroheje, ariko kuwukubita cyane bishobora gutuma ugwa. Iyo ubushyuhe burenze dogere selisiyusi 70, poroteyine y'igi izafungana kandi igatakaza ubushobozi bwo guhumeka, bityo ubushyuhe bwinshi bugomba kwirindwa mu gihe cyo guhumeka.
Itsindaegelatin ya dibleIkoreshwa muri marshmallow ni poroteyine iva mu ruhu n'amagufwa by'inyamaswa. Marshmallow ikunze gukoresha gelatin ivanywemo aside, irimo ubwoko busanzwe nkagelatin y'inka or gelatin y'ingurube, ifite pH iri hagati ya 5.0 na 6.0 kugira ngo ikore ifuro neza ku gice cyayo cy’amashanyarazi. Ku masoko atandukanye, ubwoko butandukanye nkagelatine ya halal or gelatin ya koshernazo ziraboneka. Ingufu za gel, cyangwaimbaraga z'indabyo za gelatin, ni igipimo cy'ingenzi cy'ubwiza, kandi agaciro ka 180-250 Indabyo ni ibisanzwe kuri marshmallows, bigaragaza imiterere myiza yo gufuro no gusya. Ubwo bwoko bwagelatin idahumura nezamuri rusange inyurwamo amazi hakoreshejwe uburemere bwayo inshuro 2-3 mu mazi. Iyo ubushyuhe buri hejuru ya dogere selisiyusi 70, cyane cyane iyo pH iri hasi, molekile za gelatin zishobora kwangirika, bigatuma imbaraga za gel zigabanuka cyane, ibyo bikaba bisaba gukurikiranwa neza mu gihe cyo kuyikora.
(B) Sukrosi
Sukrose igize 40-80% by'ifumbire. Ingano nke ituma uburyohe budahagije, mu gihe ingano nyinshi ituma marshmallow iryoha cyane. Marshmallow zitari kristalo muri rusange zikoresha sucrose nke (munsi ya 50%), mu gihe ubwoko bwa kristalo bukoresha nyinshi (hejuru ya 50%). Ifumbire za marshmallow zikoresha kristalo akenshi ziba zirimo isukari y'ifu cyangwa fondant (isukari nto ya kristalo) nk'ikintu gitera imbuto kugira ngo zitangire crystallization.
(C) Sirupe y'ibinyampeke
Sirupe y'ibinyampeke ikoreshejwe ku kigero cya 20-60%, iraryoshye cyane ugereranyije na sucrose kandi ifasha kugenzura uburyohe muri rusange. Yongera ubushobozi bwo gukurura umubiri wa sirupe, nubwo ingano irenze urugero ishobora kugira ingaruka mbi ku mwuka uhumeka bigatuma habaho imiterere ya gummy. Sirupe y'ibinyampeke ifite DE nyinshi cyangwa maltose nyinshi muri rusange ikundwa kubera ko ifite ubushyuhe buke, ibyo bikaba bifasha mu guhumeka. Ifite kandi imbaraga nyinshi ku mazi kandi ikora nk'umuti utuma marshmallow igumana ubushuhe, ibyo bikaba bifitanye isano rya bugufi no koroha kwayo no gukurura kwayo.
(D) Sirupe yo guhindura
Ikoreshwa kuri 5-15%, sirupe ya invert ikora kandi nk'umuti ufasha mu kubungabunga ubushuhe n'ubworoherane. Ubushuhe bwayo buke ni ingirakamaro mu gutuma umwuka uhumeka, bigatuma marshmallow iba yoroshye. Ariko, iryoshye cyane kandi ifite hygroscopic cyane, bityo ikoreshwa ryayo rigomba kugabanywa no guhindurwa hashingiwe ku bushuhe bw'ibihe n'akarere.
(E) Ibintu biryoha
Uburyohe bukoreshwa cyane ni vanila, vanila, na ethyl maltol. Hari n'ibindi bintu nka kakao ifu y'ibinure bike, ifu y'amata asukuye, n'ifu y'amata yaciwe.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-08-2025
